= Usage

NOTE: Everything in this section assumes you've enabled `projectile-mode`.

== Basic setup

In this section we'll cover the bare minimum of setup you might want to
do. Projectile works fine with no setup, but if you tweak the configuration a
bit you'll get more out of it.

Check out the xref:configuration.adoc["Configuration"] section of the manual
for a lot more information about configuring Projectile.

=== Basic Configuration

Here's how a typical Projectile configuration would look:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Optional: ag is nice alternative to using grep with Projectile
(use-package ag
  :ensure t)

;; Optional: Enable vertico as the selection framework to use with Projectile
(use-package vertico
  :ensure t
  :init
  (vertico-mode +1))

;; Optional: which-key will show you options for partially completed keybindings
;; It's extremely useful for packages with many keybindings like Projectile.
(use-package which-key
  :ensure t
  :config
  (which-key-mode +1))

(use-package projectile
  :ensure t
  :init
  (setq projectile-project-search-path '("~/projects/" "~/work/" "~/playground"))
  :config
  ;; I typically use this keymap prefix on macOS
  (define-key projectile-mode-map (kbd "s-p") 'projectile-command-map)
  ;; On Linux, however, I usually go with another one
  (define-key projectile-mode-map (kbd "C-c C-p") 'projectile-command-map)
  (global-set-key (kbd "C-c p") 'projectile-command-map)
  (projectile-mode +1))
----

The example above builds upon the simpler setup demonstrated in the "Installation" section.

=== Automated Project Discovery

To add a project to Projectile's list of known projects, open a file
in the project. If you have a projects directory, you can tell
Projectile about all of the projects in it with the command `M-x
projectile-discover-projects-in-directory`.

You can go one step further and set a list of folders which Projectile
is automatically going to check for projects on startup.

Recursive discovery is configured by specifying the search depth in a cons cell:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-project-search-path '("~/projects/" "~/work/" ("~/github" . 1)))
----

You can manually trigger the project
discovery using `M-x projectile-discover-projects-in-search-path` or you can
use `projectile-auto-discover` to discover projects on the search path automatically:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-auto-discover t)
----

NOTE: Keep in mind the auto-discovery will be triggered every time you switch projects,
so it's probably not a good idea if you have many projects on your search path.

=== Removal of missing projects

From time to time you'll have projects in your list of known projects that are no longer
around. (e.g. they were removed or renamed) You can either trigger the command
`projectile-cleanup-known-projects` manually or set the variable
`projectile-auto-cleanup-known-projects` to `t` to remove such projects automatically.

[source,elisp]
----
(customize-set-variable 'projectile-auto-cleanup-known-projects t)
----

TIP: If you're a heavy TRAMP user it's probably not a good idea to auto-discover
and cleanup projects, as the file operations are slower there.

=== Minibuffer Completion

While Projectile works fine with Emacs's default minibuffer completion system you're highly encouraged to use some
powerful alternative like `ido`, `ivy`, `vertico`.

TIP: If you're going to use the `ido` completion it's **highly** recommended that you install the optional
https://github.com/lewang/flx[flx-ido package], which provides a much more powerful
alternative to ``ido``'s built-in `flex` matching. Similarly, for `ivy` and `vertico` it's
a good idea to enable `prescient` (a package similar to `flx`).

=== Installing External Tools

NOTE: Windows users can ignore this section unless they are using Emacs via WSL or `cygwin`.

Projectile will work without any external dependencies out of the box.
However, if you have various tools installed, they will be
automatically used when appropriate to improve performance.

Inside version control repositories, VC tools are used when installed
to list files more efficiently. The supported tools include git, hg,
fossil, bzr, darcs, pijul, svn, sapling and jujutsu.

Outside version control repositories, file search tools are used when
installed for a faster search than pure Elisp. The supported tools
include https://github.com/sharkdp/fd[fd] and GNU/BSD find.

By default, if fd is installed, it is also used inside Git
repositories as an alternative to `git ls-files`, because `git
ls-files` has the limitation that it also lists deleted files until
the deletions are staged, which can be confusing. You can eliminate
the use of fd in this circumstance by setting `projectile-git-use-fd`
to nil.

To benefit from the `projectile-ag` and `projectile-ripgrep` commands
to perform file search, it's recommended to install
https://github.com/ggreer/the_silver_searcher[ag] (`the_silver_searcher`) and/or
https://github.com/BurntSushi/ripgrep[rg] (`ripgrep`)

TIP: You should also install the Emacs packages `ag`, `ripgrep` or `rg` if you want to make use of Projectile's commands `projectile-ag` and `projectile-ripgrep`.

== Basic Usage

Just open some file in a version-controlled (e.g. `git`) or a project
(e.g. `maven`) directory that's recognized by Projectile and you're
ready for action. Projectile happens to recognize out of the box every common
VCS and many popular project types for various programming languages.
You can learn more about Projectile's notion of a project xref:projects.adoc[here].

NOTE: The extent of the support for every VCS differs and Git is the best supported
 one. Projectile supports some advanced features like working with Git submodules
 and using `git-grep` instead of GNU grep.

You need to know only a handful of Projectile commands to start benefiting from it.

* Find file in current project (kbd:[s-p f])
* Switch project (kbd:[s-p p]) (you can also switch between open projects with kbd:[s-p q])
* Grep (search for text/regexp) in project (kbd:[s-p s g])
* Replace in project (kbd:[s-p r])
* Find references in project (kbd:[s-p ?] or kbd:[s-p s x])
* Invoke any Projectile command via the Projectile Commander (kbd:[s-p m])
* Toggle between implementation and test (kbd:[s-p t])
* Toggle between related files (e.g. `foo.h` <-> `foo.c` and `Gemfile` <-> `Gemfile.lock`) (kbd:[s-p a])
* Run a shell command in the root of the project (kbd:[s-p !] for a sync command and kbd:[s-p &] for an async command)
* Run various pre-defined project commands like:
** build/compile project (kbd:[s-p c c])
** test project (kbd:[s-p c t])
** install project (kbd:[s-p c i])
** run project (kbd:[s-p c r])

The next section lists many more commands, but the basics can get you pretty far.

== Interactive Commands

NOTE: Projectile doesn't have a default key prefix for its commands, but all the examples
 in the manual assume you've opted for kbd:[s-p] (`super`-p).

Here's a list of the interactive Emacs Lisp functions, provided by Projectile:

|===
| Keybinding | Description

| kbd:[s-p f]
| Display a list of all files in the project. With a prefix argument it will clear the cache first.

| kbd:[s-p F]
| Display a list of all files in all known projects.

| kbd:[s-p g]
| Display a list of all files at point in the project. With a prefix argument it will clear the cache first.

| kbd:[s-p 4 f]
| Jump to a project's file using completion and show it in another window.

| kbd:[s-p 4 g]
| Jump to a project's file based on context at point and show it in another window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 f]
| Jump to a project's file using completion and show it in another frame.

| kbd:[s-p 5 g]
| Jump to a project's file based on context at point and show it in another frame.

| kbd:[s-p d]
| Display a list of all directories in the project. With a prefix argument it will clear the cache first.

| kbd:[s-p 4 d]
| Switch to a project directory and show it in another window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 d]
| Switch to a project directory and show it in another frame.

| kbd:[s-p T]
| Display a list of all test files(specs, features, etc) in the project.

| kbd:[s-p l]
| Display a list of all files in a directory (that's not necessarily a project)

| kbd:[s-p s g]
| Run grep on the files in the project.

| kbd:[M-- s-p s g]
| Run grep on `projectile-grep-default-files` in the project.

| kbd:[s-p s s]
| Runs `ag` (`the_silver_searcher`) on the project, performing a literal search. Requires the presence of `ag.el`. With a prefix argument it will perform a regex search.

| kbd:[s-p s r]
| Runs `rg` (`ripgrep`) on the project, performing a literal search. Requires the presence of `rg.el` or `ripgrep.el`. With a prefix argument it will perform a regex search.

| kbd:[s-p s x]
| Find references to the symbol at point within the project. Uses internally the `xref` library.

| kbd:[s-p v]
| Run `vc-dir` on the root directory of the project.

| kbd:[s-p V]
| Browse dirty version controlled projects.

| kbd:[s-p b]
| Display a list of all project buffers currently open.

| kbd:[s-p 4 b]
| Switch to a project buffer and show it in another window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 b]
| Switch to a project buffer and show it in another frame.

| kbd:[s-p 4 C-o]
| Display a project buffer in another window without selecting it.

| kbd:[s-p a]
| Switch between files with the same name but different extensions.

| kbd:[s-p 4 a]
| Switch between files with the same name but different extensions in other window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 a]
| Switch between files with the same name but different extensions in other frame.

| kbd:[s-p o]
| Runs `multi-occur` on all project buffers currently open.

| kbd:[s-p r]
| Runs interactive query-replace on all files in the projects.

| kbd:[s-p i]
| Invalidates the project cache (if existing).

| kbd:[s-p R]
| Regenerates the projects `TAGS` file.

| kbd:[s-p j]
| Find tag in project's `TAGS` file.

| kbd:[s-p k]
| Kills all project buffers.

| kbd:[s-p D]
| Opens the root of the project in `dired`.

| kbd:[s-p 4 D]
| Opens the root of the project in `dired` in another window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 D]
| Opens the root of the project in `dired` in another frame.

| kbd:[s-p e]
| Shows a list of recently visited project files.

| kbd:[s-p left]
| Switch to the previous project buffer.

| kbd:[s-p right]
| Switch to the next project buffer.

| kbd:[s-p E]
| Opens the root `dir-locals-file` of the project.

| kbd:[s-p !]
| Runs `shell-command` in the root directory of the project.

| kbd:[s-p &]
| Runs `async-shell-command` in the root directory of the project.

| kbd:[s-p c o]
| Runs a standard configure command for your type of project.

| kbd:[s-p c c]
| Runs a standard compilation command for your type of project.

| kbd:[s-p c t]
| Runs a standard test command for your type of project.

| kbd:[s-p c i]
| Runs a standard install command for your type of project.

| kbd:[s-p c r]
| Runs a standard run command for your type of project.

| kbd:[s-p t]
| Toggle between an implementation file and its test file.

| kbd:[s-p 4 t]
| Jump to implementation or test file in other window.

| kbd:[s-p 5 t]
| Jump to implementation or test file in other frame.

| kbd:[s-p z]
| Adds the currently visited file to the cache.

| kbd:[s-p p]
| Display a list of known projects you can switch to.

| kbd:[s-p q]
| Display a list of open projects you can switch to.

| kbd:[s-p S]
| Save all project buffers.

| kbd:[s-p m]
| Run the commander (an interface to run commands with a single key).

| kbd:[s-p x e]
| Start or visit an `eshell` for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x i]
| Start or visit an `ielm` (Elisp REPL) for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x t]
| Start or visit an `ansi-term` for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x s]
| Start or visit a `shell` for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x g]
| Start or visit a `gdb` for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x v]
| Start or visit a `vterm` for the project.

| kbd:[s-p x x]
| Start or visit an `eat` terminal for the project.

| kbd:[s-p ESC]
| Switch to the most recently selected Projectile buffer.
|===

If you ever forget any of Projectile's keybindings just do a:

kbd:[s-p C-h]

== Customizing Projectile's Keybindings

It is possible to add additional commands to
`projectile-command-map` referenced by the prefix key in
`projectile-mode-map`. You can add multiple keymap prefixes for all
commands. Here's an example that adds `super-,` as a command prefix:

[source,elisp]
----
(define-key projectile-mode-map (kbd "s-,") 'projectile-command-map)
----

You can also bind the `projectile-command-map` to any other map you'd
like (including the global keymap).

TIP: For some common commands you might want to take a little shortcut and
leverage the fairly unused `Super` key (by default `Command` on Mac
keyboards and `Windows` on Win keyboards).

Here's something you can
add to your Emacs config:

[source,elisp]
----
(define-key projectile-mode-map [?\s-d] 'projectile-find-dir)
(define-key projectile-mode-map [?\s-p] 'projectile-switch-project)
(define-key projectile-mode-map [?\s-f] 'projectile-find-file)
(define-key projectile-mode-map [?\s-g] 'projectile-grep)
----

NOTE: The `Super` keybindings are not usable in Windows, as Windows
 makes heavy use of such keybindings itself. Emacs Prelude already adds those
 extra keybindings.

== Projectile Commander

Projectile's Commander (`projectile-commander`) is a nifty utility for those of you who are struggling to remember a lot of keybindings. It provides a simple
interface to most of Projectile's commands via 1-character shortcuts that you
need to press after invoking the commander (e.g. via kbd:[s-p m]).

The commander was created with the idea to provide a powerful project switching command (it will be triggered if you press kbd:[C-u s-p p]), but it's very useful on its own as well.

|===
| Keybinding | Description
| kbd:[?]
| Commander help buffer.

| kbd:[D]
| Open project root in dired.

| kbd:[R]
| Regenerate the project's etags/gtags.

| kbd:[T]
| Find test file in project.

| kbd:[V]
| Browse dirty projects

| kbd:[a]
| Run ag on project.

| kbd:[b]
| Switch to project buffer.

| kbd:[d]
| Find directory in project.

| kbd:[e]
| Find recently visited file in project.

| kbd:[f]
| Find file in project.

| kbd:[g]
| Run grep on project.

| kbd:[j]
| Find tag in project.

| kbd:[k]
| Kill all project buffers.

| kbd:[o]
| Run multi-occur on project buffers.

| kbd:[r]
| Replace a string in the project.

| kbd:[s]
| Switch project.

| kbd:[v]
| Open project root in vc-dir or magit.
|===

You can add additional commands to the commander like this:

[source,elisp]
----
(def-projectile-commander-method ?f
  "Find file in project."
  (projectile-find-file))
----

Place such snippets after ``projectile-mode``'s init code.

== Using Projectile with project.el

Starting with version 2.7 Projectile bundles some integration with
`project.el` that makes `project.el` use Projectile's
project lookup function (`projectile-project-root`) and project file
lookup function (`projectile-project-files`) whenever `projectile-mode`
is enabled. You can also enable the integration manually like this:

[source,elisp]
----
(add-hook 'project-find-functions #'project-projectile)
----

TIP: You can read more about the implementation details of the integration https://github.com/bbatsov/projectile/issues/1591[here].

That's useful as some packages (e.g. `eglot`) support natively only
``project.el``'s API for project discovery. Fortunately, `project.el`
makes it easy to install additional project lookup functions and that's
exactly what Projectile does.

The popular `xref` package also relies on `project.el` to infer the project for
helpful commands like `xref-find-references` (kbd:[M-?]), so it's useful to teach
it about Projectile's project discovery logic.

TIP: Projectile provides its own alternative to `xref-find-references` that's named
`projectile-find-references` (kbd:[s-p ?] or kbd:[s-p s-x]) and is using `xref` internally.

You can disable the `project.el` integration like this:

[source,elisp]
----
(remove-hook 'project-find-functions #'project-projectile)
----