= Configuration

In the typical style of Emacs, Projectile is *extremely* configurable.
Pretty much every aspect of its behaviour can be tweaked or extended.

In this section we'll go over some of the most common things you might
want to fine-tune to make Projectile fit your workflow better.

== Project indexing method

Projectile has three modes of operation - one is portable and is
implemented in Emacs Lisp (therefore it's _native_ to Emacs and is
known as the `native indexing method`) and the other two (`hybrid` and
`alien`) rely on external commands like `find`, `git`, etc to
obtain the list of files in a project.

The `alien` indexing method maximizes the speed of the `hybrid` indexing method.
This means that Projectile will not do any processing or sorting of the files
returned by the external commands and you're going to get the maximum
performance possible.  This behaviour makes a lot of sense for most people, as
they'd typically be putting ignores in their VCS config (e.g. `.gitignore`) and
won't care about any additional ignores/unignores/sorting that Projectile might
also provide.

NOTE: By default the `alien` method is used on all operating systems except Windows.
 Prior to Projectile 2.0 `hybrid` used to be the default (but to make things
 confusing `hybrid` used to be known as `alien` back then).

To force the
use of native indexing in all operating systems:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-indexing-method 'native)
----

To force the use of hybrid indexing in all operating systems:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-indexing-method 'hybrid)
----

To force the use of alien indexing in all operating systems:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-indexing-method 'alien)
----

This can speed up Projectile in Windows significantly (especially on
big projects). The disadvantage of this method is that it's not well
supported on Windows systems, as it requires setting up some Unix
utilities there. If there's a problem, you can always use `native`
indexing mode.

=== Alien indexing

The alien indexing works in a pretty simple manner - it simply shells
out to a command that returns the list of files within a project.
For version-controlled projects by default Projectile will use the
VCS itself to obtain the list of files. As an example, here is the
command that Projectile uses for Git projects:

----
git ls-files -zco --exclude-standard
----

For every supported VCS there's a matching Projectile defcustom holding the command
to invoke for it:

|===
| Variable | VCS

| `projectile-git-command`
| Git

| `projectile-hg-command`
| Mercurial

| `projectile-svn-command`
| Subversion

| `projectile-bzr-command`
| Bazaar

| `projectile-darcs-command`
| Darcs

| `projectile-fossil-command`
| Fossil

| `projectile-pijul-command`
| Pijul

| `projectile-sapling-command`
| Sapling

| `projectile-jj-command`
| Jujutsu
|===

There are also two Git-specific commands for listing submodules and ignored files:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Command to list git submodules (set to nil to disable)
(setq projectile-git-submodule-command
  "git submodule --quiet foreach 'echo $displaypath' | tr '\\n' '\\0'")

;; Command to get git-ignored files
(setq projectile-git-ignored-command "git ls-files -zcoi --exclude-standard")
----

WARNING: If you ever decide to tweak those keep in mind that the command should always be returning
 the list of files **relative** to the project root and the resulting file list should be 0-delimited
 (as opposed to newline delimited).

For non-VCS projects Projectile will invoke whatever is in `projectile-generic-command`. The default chooses `fd` when it's installed and falls back to `find`:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Effective default value of projectile-generic-command, picked at load time:
;;   when fd is on PATH:
"fd . -0 --type f --color=never --strip-cwd-prefix"
;;   otherwise:
"find . -type f | cut -c3- | tr '\\n' '\\0'"
----

TIP: It's a great idea to install https://github.com/sharkdp/fd[fd] which is much faster than `find`.
 If `fd` is found, projectile will use it as a replacement for `find` for non-VCS projects.

WARNING: The `find` fallback does *not* exclude common build/cache directories
 (`.git`, `node_modules`, `target`, `build`, …); a non-VCS project under `alien`
 indexing on a host without `fd` will list everything.  Either install `fd`,
 switch to `hybrid` indexing so `projectile-globally-ignored-directories`
 applies, or override `projectile-generic-command` with a tighter recipe.

By default, `fd` is also used inside Git repositories (instead of `git ls-files`),
because `git ls-files` has the limitation that it lists deleted files until the
deletions are staged. With `fd`, deleted files disappear from the listing
immediately; with `git ls-files`, Projectile post-filters the listing against
`git ls-files -zd` to hide deletions until they're staged. You can control this
with `projectile-git-use-fd`:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Disable fd in git repos (use git ls-files instead)
(setq projectile-git-use-fd nil)
----

You can also customize the path to the `fd` executable and the arguments passed to it:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Use a custom fd path
(setq projectile-fd-executable "/usr/local/bin/fd")

;; Customize the fd arguments used in git repos
(setq projectile-git-fd-args "-H -0 -E .git -tf --strip-cwd-prefix -c never")
----

=== Hybrid indexing

The `hybrid` method runs the same external command as `alien` and then
post-processes the result with Projectile's filtering rules.  In other
words, it's `alien` plus a second pass that applies:

* `.projectile` (dirconfig) ignore/keep/ensure entries
* `projectile-globally-ignored-files`,
  `projectile-globally-ignored-directories`,
  `projectile-globally-ignored-file-suffixes`, and
  `projectile-global-ignore-file-patterns`
* `projectile-globally-unignored-files` and
  `projectile-globally-unignored-directories`
* The configured sort order from `projectile-sort-order`

This is the right choice when your VCS lists more files than you want
Projectile to surface (e.g. you want to drop `*.elc` even though they're
checked in), or when you rely on `.projectile` to keep/ignore subtrees
inside an otherwise large repository.  It's slower than `alien` because
of the extra pass, but it remains substantially faster than `native` for
big projects since the file list itself is still produced by the
external tool.

=== Indexing method comparison

Not all Projectile features apply to every indexing method.  The table
below summarises which configuration knobs take effect under which mode:

[cols="3,1,1,1", options="header"]
|===
| Feature | `native` | `hybrid` | `alien`

| Project file listing speed
| Slow (Elisp)
| Fast
| Fastest

| Honors `.projectile` (dirconfig) `+`/`-`/`!` rules
| Yes
| Yes
| No

| Honors `projectile-globally-ignored-files` / `-directories` / `-file-suffixes` / `projectile-global-ignore-file-patterns`
| Yes
| Yes
| No (rely on the VCS / `fd` / `find` ignores instead)

| Honors `projectile-globally-unignored-*`
| Yes
| Yes
| No

| Sorts via `projectile-sort-order`
| Yes
| Yes
| No (returned in the external tool's order)

| File caching enabled by default
| Yes
| No
| No

| Works on Windows out of the box
| Yes
| Requires Unix utilities
| Requires Unix utilities
|===

NOTE: When `alien` is in use and a non-empty `.projectile` file is
present, Projectile emits a one-time warning so the silent bypass
doesn't catch you off guard.  Switch to `hybrid` (or `native`) if you
need those rules applied; set
`projectile-warn-when-dirconfig-is-ignored` to nil to silence.

== Sorting

You can choose how Projectile sorts files by customizing `projectile-sort-order`.

NOTE: If Alien indexing is set, files are not sorted by Projectile at all.

The default is to not sort files:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-sort-order 'default)
----

To sort files by recently opened:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-sort-order 'recentf)
----

To sort files by recently active buffers and then recently opened files:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-sort-order 'recently-active)
----

// These URLs below are in HTML so that the parentheses in the URL fragments are properly recognised.

To sort files by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_times#Modification_time_(mtime)[modification time] (mtime):

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-sort-order 'modification-time)
----

To sort files by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_times#Access_time_(atime)[access time] (atime):

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-sort-order 'access-time)
----

== Caching

=== Project files

Since indexing a big project is not exactly quick (especially in Emacs
Lisp), Projectile supports caching of the project's files. The caching
is enabled by default whenever native indexing is enabled.

To enable caching unconditionally use this snippet of code:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-enable-caching t)
----

At this point you can try out a Projectile command such as kbd:[s-p f] (kbd:[M-x] `projectile-find-file` kbd:[RET]).

Running kbd:[C-u s-p f] will invalidate the cache prior to
prompting you for a file to jump to.

Pressing kbd:[s-p z] will add the currently visited file to the
cache for current project. Generally files created outside Emacs will
be added to the cache automatically the first time you open them.

Normally the cache lasts for the duration of your Emacs session.
If you want to cache to persist between Emacs sessions you
should set this option to `'persistent`.

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-enable-caching 'persistent)
----

Now the project cache is persistent and will be preserved during Emacs restarts.
Each project gets its own cache file, that will be placed in the root folder of the
project. The name of the cache file is `.projectile-cache.eld` by default, but you can tweak it
if you want to:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-cache-file "foo.eld")
----

The cache file will be loaded automatically in memory the first time you trigger
a "find file" operation for the project it belongs to.

You can purge an individual file from the cache with `M-x projectile-purge-file-from-cache` or an
entire directory with `M-x projectile-purge-dir-from-cache`.

NOTE: Prior to Projectile 2.9 the cache for all projects was serialized to the same file.
In Projectile 2.9 this was changed and now each project has its own cache file relative to
the project's root directory.

When `projectile-mode` is enabled Projectile will auto-update the project cache when files
within are added or deleted from within Emacs. (this is achieved by file hooks) This behavior
can be disabled like this:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-auto-update-cache nil)
----

You can also set the project files cache to expire after a given number of
seconds:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Expire the project files cache after 5 minutes
(setq projectile-files-cache-expire (* 5 60))
----

By default `projectile-files-cache-expire` is `nil`, meaning the cache never
expires automatically.

One last thing - the project cache will be auto-invalidated if you're using
`.projectile` and it's last modification time is more recent than the time at
which the cache file was last updated.

=== File exists cache

Projectile does many file existence checks since that is how it identifies a
project root. Normally this is fine, however in some situations the file system
speed is much slower than usual and can make emacs "freeze" for extended
periods of time when opening files and browsing directories.

The most common example would be interfacing with remote systems using
TRAMP/ssh. By default all remote file existence checks are cached

To disable remote file exists cache that use this snippet of code:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-file-exists-remote-cache-expire nil)
----

To change the remote file exists cache expire to 10 minutes use this snippet
of code:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-file-exists-remote-cache-expire (* 10 60))
----

You can also enable the cache for local file systems, that is normally not
needed but possible:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-file-exists-local-cache-expire (* 5 60))
----

== Using Projectile Commands Outside of Projects Directories

Normally, you'd be using Projectile's commands from within some project directory.
If, however, you invoke a command outside of a project, by default you'll be prompted
for a project to switch to. That behavior is controlled by `projectile-require-project-root`.
You can make Projectile simply raise an error outside of Project folders like this:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-require-project-root t)
----

If you want Projectile to be usable in every directory (even without the presence of project file):

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-require-project-root nil)
----

With this setting if you invoke Projectile outside of a project, the current directory will be
considered by Projectile the project root.

TIP: This might not be a great idea if you start Projectile in your home folder for instance. :-)

== Switching projects

By default, projectile does not include the current project in the list when
switching projects. If you want to include the current project, customize
variable `projectile-current-project-on-switch`.

When running `projectile-switch-project` (kbd:[s-p p]) and
`projectile-switch-open-project` (kbd:[s-p q]) Projectile invokes the
command specified in `projectile-switch-project-action` (by default it
is `projectile-find-file`).

TIP: Invoking the command with a prefix argument (kbd:[C-u s-p p] or kbd:[C-u s-p q]) will trigger
 the Projectile Commander, which gives you quick access to most common commands
 you might want to invoke on a project.

Depending on your personal workflow and habits, you
may prefer to alter the value of `projectile-switch-project-action`:

=== `projectile-find-file`

NOTE: This is the default.

With this setting, once you have selected your
project via Projectile's completion system (see below), you will
remain in the completion system to select a file to visit. `projectile-find-file`
is capable of retrieving files in all sub-projects under the project root,
such as Git submodules. Currently, only Git is supported. Support for other VCS
will be added in the future.

=== `projectile-commander`

NOTE: This is the recommended option for people who find themselves often needing
to invoke a different action on project switch.

With this setting, after selecting a project to switch to, you'll be prompted to specify the action to take with a 1-character mnemonic.

|===
| Keybinding | Description
| kbd:[?]
| Commander help buffer.

| kbd:[D]
| Open project root in dired.

| kbd:[R]
| Regenerate the project's etags/gtags.

| kbd:[T]
| Find test file in project.

| kbd:[V]
| Browse dirty projects

| kbd:[a]
| Run ag on project.

| kbd:[b]
| Switch to project buffer.

| kbd:[d]
| Find directory in project.

| kbd:[e]
| Find recently visited file in project.

| kbd:[f]
| Find file in project.

| kbd:[g]
| Run grep on project.

| kbd:[j]
| Find tag in project.

| kbd:[k]
| Kill all project buffers.

| kbd:[o]
| Run multi-occur on project buffers.

| kbd:[r]
| Replace a string in the project (running with kbd:[C-u] will allow users to select file name patterns and extensions).

| kbd:[s]
| Switch project.

| kbd:[v]
| Open project root in vc-dir or magit.
|===

=== `projectile-find-file-in-known-projects`

Similar to `projectile-find-file` but lists all files in all known projects. Since
the total number of files could be huge, it is beneficial to enable caching for subsequent
usages.

=== `projectile-find-file-dwim`

If point is on a filepath, Projectile first tries to search for that
file in project:

* If it finds just a file, it switches to that file instantly.  This
works even if the filename is incomplete, but there's only a single file
in the current project that matches the filename at point. For example,
if there's only a single file named "projectile/projectile.el" but the
current filename is "projectile/proj" (incomplete), projectile-find-file
still switches to "projectile/projectile.el" immediately because this
is the only filename that matches.
* If it finds a list of files, the list is displayed for selecting. A
list of files is displayed when a filename appears more than one in the
project or the filename at point is a prefix of more than two files in a
project. For example, if `projectile-find-file' is executed on a
filepath like "projectile/", it lists the content of that directory.
If it is executed on a partial filename like "projectile/a", a list of
files with character 'a' in that directory is presented.
* If it finds nothing, display a list of all files in project for
selecting.

=== `projectile-dired`

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-switch-project-action #'projectile-dired)
----

With this setting, once you have selected your project, the top-level
directory of the project is immediately opened for you in a dired
buffer.

=== `projectile-find-dir`

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-switch-project-action #'projectile-find-dir)
----

With this setting, once you have selected your project, you will
remain in Projectile's completion system to select a sub-directory of
your project, and then _that_ sub-directory is opened for you in a
dired buffer.  If you use this setting, then you will probably also
want to set

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-find-dir-includes-top-level t)
----

in order to allow for the occasions where you want to select the
top-level directory.

== Known Projects

Projectile stores the list of known projects in a file on disk.  You can
customize its location:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-known-projects-file "~/.emacs.d/projectile-bookmarks.eld")
----

=== Ignoring projects

You can prevent certain projects from being added to the known projects list:

[source,elisp]
----
;; A list of projects to ignore
(setq projectile-ignored-projects '("/tmp/" "~/.emacs.d/"))
----

For more flexible filtering, set `projectile-ignored-project-function` to a
predicate that receives a project root and returns non-nil if the project should
be ignored:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Ignore all remote (TRAMP) projects
(setq projectile-ignored-project-function #'file-remote-p)
----

=== Automatic tracking

By default, Projectile automatically adds projects to the known projects list
whenever you visit a file in a project.  You can disable this:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-track-known-projects-automatically nil)
----

== Completion Options

Projectile supports all major minibuffer completion packages that
exist today. Normally it will just detect what you're using (e.g. `ivy`),
but you can force a particular completion system via the variable
`projectile-completion-system`.

NOTE: Historically `projectile-completion-system` defaulted to `ido`,
but this was changed in version 2.3. You may need to enable `ido-mode`
in your Emacs configuration if updating from an older version of Projectile.

=== Auto (default)

By default Projectile detects the completion system in use, based
on the mode variables `ido-mode`, `ivy-mode` and `helm-mode`.
If none of those is activated, the `default` completion system is used.

Unless for some reason you want to use a different completion system for
Projectile than for the rest of Emacs (e.g. you normally use `icomplete-mode`,
but want to use `ido-mode` with Projectile), you'll probably don't want to
select a particular completion system manually.

=== Basic (Emacs's default)

Select this option if you want to use Emacs's standard completion (based on `completing-read`):

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-completion-system 'default)
----

TIP: You might want to combine default completion with `icomplete-mode` for optimum results.
Emacs 27 added `fido-mode` to `icomplete`.

If you are using `fido-mode`, Projectile will
use the `default` completion system. The same holds for `vertico` which also rely
on the `default` completion system.

=== Ido

The `ido` completion system is extremely popular and it is built into Emacs.

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-completion-system 'ido)
----

As noted above, Projectile will auto-detect `ido-mode` if enabled, so the
above configuration is not needed most of the time.

TIP: As already noted above if you're going to use the `ido` completion it's
 **extremely highly** recommended that you install the optional
 https://github.com/lewang/flx[flx-ido package], which provides a much
 more powerful alternative to ``ido``'s built-in `flex` matching.

=== Ivy (recommended)

Another completion option is https://github.com/abo-abo/swiper[ivy]:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-completion-system 'ivy)
----

As noted above, Projectile will auto-detect `ivy-mode` if enabled, so the
above configuration is not needed most of the time.

=== Custom Completion Function

You can also set `projectile-completion-system` to a function:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-completion-system #'my-custom-completion-fn)
(setq projectile-completion-system
      (lambda (prompt choices)
        ;; ...
        ))
----

An example of a custom completion function is
https://gist.github.com/rejeep/5933343[this one], which only show
the file name (not including path) and if the file selected is not
unique, another completion with names relative to project root
appears.

== Project-specific Compilation Buffers

This affects all commands built on top of `projectile--run-project-cmd` like:

- `projectile-configure-project`
- `projectile-run-project`
- `projectile-test-project`
- `projectile-install-project`
- `projectile-package-project`

Normally, the buffers created by those commands would be shared (overwritten)
between projects, but it's also possible to make the compilation buffer names
project-specific. This requires that the user set:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-per-project-compilation-buffer t)
----

Both of these degrade properly when not inside a project.

== Limit the number of project file buffers

Projectile can be configured to keep a maximum number of file buffers of a project
that are opened at one point. The custom variable `projectile-max-buffer-count`
can be set to an integer that will be the buffer count cap. If this limit is
reached, by opening a new file, Projectile will close the least recent buffer of
the current project. If the variable is `nil`, there will be no cap on the buffer
count.

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-max-file-buffer-count 10)
----

Note that special project buffers (e.g. compilation, `dired`, etc) are not
affected by this setting.

== Tags

To be able to regenerate a project's tags via `projectile-tags-command`, you
should install and add to the PATH
http://ctags.sourceforge.net/[Exuberant Ctags] instead of a plain ctags, which
ships with Emacs distribution.

You can customize the tags filename and the backend used for tag navigation:

[source,elisp]
----
;; The name of the tags file (default: "TAGS")
(setq projectile-tags-file-name "TAGS")

;; Tag backend for projectile-find-tag
;; Options: 'auto, 'xref, 'ggtags, 'etags-select, 'find-tag
(setq projectile-tags-backend 'auto)
----

When set to `auto` (the default), `projectile-find-tag` will choose a backend
automatically with the following preference order: ggtags -> xref ->
etags-select -> `find-tag`.

== Idle Timer

Projectile can be configured to run the hook
`projectile-idle-timer-hook` every time Emacs is in a project and has
been idle for `projectile-idle-timer-seconds` seconds (default is 30
seconds).  To enable this feature, run:

----
M-x customize-group RET projectile RET
----

and set `projectile-enable-idle-timer` to non-nil.  By default,
`projectile-idle-timer-hook` runs `projectile-regenerate-tags`.  Add
additional functions to the hook using `add-hook`:

[source,elisp]
----
(add-hook 'projectile-idle-timer-hook #'my-projectile-idle-timer-function)
----

== Mode line indicator

By default the minor mode indicator of Projectile appears in the form
" Projectile[ProjectName:ProjectType]". This is configurable via several custom variables:

* `projectile-mode-line-prefix` (by default " Projectile") controls the static part of the mode-line
* `projectile-dynamic-mode-line` (by default `t`) controls whether to display the project name & type part of the mode-line
* `projectile-mode-line-function` (by default `projectile-default-mode-line`) controls the actual function to be invoked to generate the mode-line. If you'd like to show different info you should supply a custom function to replace the default, for example `(setq projectile-mode-line-function '(lambda () (format " Proj[%s]" (projectile-project-name))))`

NOTE: The project name & type will not appear when editing remote files
 (via TRAMP), as recalculating the project name is a fairly slow operation there
 and would slow down a bit opening the files. They will also not appear for
 non-file buffers, as they get updated via `find-file-hook`.

== Searching

By default, Projectile uses Emacs's built-in `grep` for searching.  In Git
projects you can use `vc-git-grep` instead, which tends to be faster as it
respects `.gitignore`:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-use-git-grep t)
----

== Project name

The project name displayed in the mode line and used in buffer names is
determined by `projectile-project-name-function`.  The default implementation
uses the project root directory name, but you can provide your own:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-project-name-function
      (lambda (project-root)
        (file-name-nondirectory
         (directory-file-name project-root))))
----

NOTE: If the variable `projectile-project-name` is set (e.g. via
`.dir-locals.el`), it takes precedence over the function.

== Dirty projects

`projectile-browse-dirty-projects` (kbd:[s-p V]) shows projects with
uncommitted VCS changes.  The variable `projectile-vcs-dirty-state` controls
which VC states are considered dirty:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Default value — all states
(setq projectile-vcs-dirty-state
  '("edited" "unregistered" "needs-update" "needs-merge"
    "unlocked-changes" "conflict"))

;; Only consider edited and unregistered files as dirty
(setq projectile-vcs-dirty-state '("edited" "unregistered"))
----

The possible states are those defined in `vc.el`.

== Hooks

Projectile provides several hooks for integrating with your workflow:

[source,elisp]
----
;; Run after a file is opened via projectile-find-file
(add-hook 'projectile-find-file-hook #'my-find-file-setup)

;; Run after a directory is opened via projectile-find-dir
(add-hook 'projectile-find-dir-hook #'my-find-dir-setup)

;; Run right before switching projects
(add-hook 'projectile-before-switch-project-hook #'my-before-switch-setup)
----

== Miscellaneous

=== Verbose messages

By default Projectile echoes informational messages (not just errors).  To
suppress them:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-verbose nil)
----

=== Menu bar

Projectile adds a menu to the Emacs menu bar by default.  To disable it:

[source,elisp]
----
(setq projectile-show-menu nil)
----

== Project-type-specific Configuration

=== CMake

Projectile supports https://cmake.org/cmake/help/git-stage/manual/cmake-presets.7.html[CMake presets]. Preset support is disabled by default, but can be enabled by setting `projectile-enable-cmake-presets` to non-nil. With preset-support enabled Projectile will parse the preset files and present the command-specific presets when executing a lifecycle command. In addition a `*no preset*` option is included for entering the command manually.

NOTE: Preset support requires a CMake version that supports preset and for `json-parse-buffer` to be available.